Country profiles – Permanent migration from the United Kingdom
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Country profile – United Kingdom
Population
At the end of June 2020, almost 1.2 million people who were born in the United Kingdom were living in Australia, 1.3 per cent (15,220) less than at 30 June 2010. This makes it the largest migrant community in Australia, equivalent to 15.3 per cent of Australia’s overseas-born population and 4.6 per cent of Australia’s total population.
For Australia’s United Kingdom-born migrants:
- Their median age of 57.9 years was 20.2 years above that of the general population.
- Males outnumbered females—50.8 per cent compared with 49.2 per cent.1
1 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Migration Australia
Permanent migration
Australia’s permanent Migration Program incorporates economic and family migration and is the main pathway to permanent residence. It includes the Skill stream, Family stream and Special Eligibility visas. The only other way to obtain permanent residence is on humanitarian grounds.
Skill stream visas
The Skill stream is designed for workers who have the skills, qualifications and entrepreneurship most needed in the Australian economy. There are seven components:
-
Business Innovation and Investment
-
Distinguished Talent
-
Employer Sponsored
-
Global Talent (Independent)
-
Regional
-
Skilled Independent
-
State/Territory Nominated.
Family and Child stream
The Family stream allows the permanent migration of close family members, of Australian citizens, permanent residents, and eligible New Zealand citizens. It focuses on partners and parents, but also provides the opportunity for additional family members, such as aged dependent relatives, carers, remaining relatives and orphan relatives, to join their family in Australia.
Child visas allow the permanent migration of children, of Australian citizens, permanent residents, and eligible New Zealand citizens. The Child visa comprises two categories, namely Child and Adoption visas.
Special Eligibility visas
Special Eligibility visas allow former residents and certain people who served in the Australian Defence Force to live in Australia as permanent residents.
The following table shows the size of permanent migration from the United Kingdom by migration category.
Table 1: Permanent migrant places granted, 2017-18 to 2020-21
Migration category
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
Business Innovation and Investment
48
30
37
125
Employer Sponsored
6,335
7,256
4,275
3,419
Skilled Regional 1
61
22
n/a
n/a
Skilled Independent
2,320
1,811
425
212
State/Territory Nominated
1,192
1,390
1,204
592
Regional 2
n/a
n/a
1,050
489
Global Talent (Independent) 3
n/a
n/a
416
787
Partner
3,175
2,659
2,788
6,657
All other categories
523
521
486
422
Total places granted
13,654
13,689
10,681
12,703
Source: Department of Home Affairs
1 The Skilled Regional category closed to new applications from 1 July 2019.
2 The Regional migration category commenced 1 July 2019.
3 Global Talent (Independent) category commenced 4 November 2019.
Temporary migration
People can come to Australia for a temporary stay for a range of purposes, for example, visiting Australia for tourism or attending a conference, or for more specific purposes, such as medical treatment, study, skilled work, working holidays or other specialist activities. There are six main categories of temporary residents, which can cover stays of more than three months in Australia.
Note: Not all categories apply to migrants from each country.
Visitor visas
Visitor visas are mostly used by people visiting Australia for holidays, tourism and recreation, or to see family and friends. People may also use Visitor visas for certain short-term business activities that do not entail working in Australia.
Working Holiday Maker Program
The Working Holiday Maker Program allows young adults to have an extended holiday and engage in short-term work and study.
Student visa
The Student visa program enables international students to come to Australia to study full-time in a registered course.
Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visa
Allows a business to sponsor a skilled overseas worker if they cannot find an appropriately skilled Australian citizen or permanent resident to fill a skilled position.
Other temporary visas
Other temporary visas include visas that allow people to undertake short-term, non-ongoing highly specialised work, enrich social and cultural development, strengthen international relations or provide training opportunities of benefit to Australia.
New Zealand citizens
Under the 1973 Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement, New Zealand citizens can enter and leave Australia freely and live in Australia indefinitely on grant of a Special Category visa (subclass 444).
The following table shows the number of visa grants to migrants from the United Kingdom, for Visitor, Student, Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) and Working Holiday Maker visas.
Table 2: Temporary visas granted by selected categories, 2017-18 to 2020-21
Temporary visa category
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
Visitor
630,761
591,171
479,662
9,029
Student
4,126
4,239
3,671
2,467
Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment)
9,791
11,398
7,950
6,084
Working Holiday Maker
37,752
35,948
24,754
7,433
Other temporary visa grants 1
15,214
11,694
10,502
5,317
Total temporary visa grants
697,644
654,450
526,539
30,330
Source: Department of Home Affairs
1Excludes Transit visa (subclass 771), Border visa (subclass 773) and Maritime Crew visa (subclass 988).
Main occupations
The following table shows the main occupations for nationals of the United Kingdom, based on Skill stream migration outcomes and Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visa grants.
Table 3: Main occupations, 2017-18 to 2020-21
Period
Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visas
No. of migrants
Skill stream migration
No. of migrants
2020-21
General practitioners and resident medical officers
569
Registered nurses
211
Advertising and marketing professionals
318
General practitioners and resident medical officers
176
Human resource professionals
182
Other medical practitioners
152
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
116
Human resource professionals
92
Management and organisation analysts
106
Advertising and marketing professionals
90
ICT sales professionals
87
Management and organisation analysts
85
Registered nurses
81
Civil engineering professionals
74
Other medical practitioners
80
Accountants
73
ICT business and systems analysts
75
Carpenters and joiners
72
Mechanical engineering draftspersons and technicians
66
Software and applications programmers
67
2019-20
General practitioners and resident medical officers
546
Human resource professionals
200
Human resource professionals
373
Registered nurses
188
Advertising and marketing professionals
324
Advertising and marketing professionals
151
Management and organisation analysts
235
General practitioners and resident medical officers
143
Registered nurses
172
Carpenters and joiners
126
Civil engineering professionals
116
University lecturers and tutors
91
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
109
Other medical practitioners
83
ICT sales professionals
101
Cafe and restaurant managers
82
Other medical practitioners
101
Electricians
80
ICT business and systems analysts
98
Management and organisation analysts
79
2018-19
General practitioners and resident medical officers
619
Advertising and marketing professionals
431
Advertising and marketing professionals
446
Human resource professionals
380
Management and organisation analysts
271
Registered nurses
251
Human resource professionals
267
Other medical practitioners
212
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
207
General practitioners and resident medical officers
188
Carpenters and joiners
199
Carpenters and joiners
147
Registered nurses
161
Management and organisation analysts
146
Civil engineering professionals
152
Cafe and restaurant managers
125
General managers
147
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
119
Accountants
142
Motor mechanics
117
2017-18
General practitioners and resident medical officers
804
Human resource professionals
279
Human resource professionals
391
Registered nurses
264
Advertising and marketing professionals
336
Advertising and marketing professionals
233
Management and organisation analysts
186
Other medical practitioners
169
Registered nurses
181
General practitioners and resident medical officers
142
University lecturers and tutors
137
Management and organisation analysts
116
Accountants
130
Secondary school teachers
114
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
127
Electricians
113
Civil engineering professionals
122
Advertising, public relations and sales managers
106
Mechanical engineering draftspersons and technicians
117
Motor mechanics
106
Source: Department of Home Affairs
Note: Occupation level information is available for primary applicants only, and is based on Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations unit level data.
Geographic distribution
The following table shows the geographic distribution of migrants, based on permanent additions for the Skill and Family streams, international student visa grants, and Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visa grants.
Table 4: Geographic distribution
Population
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT
ACT
Census 2016 (%)
Of all persons
32
25
20
7
11
2
1
2
Of United Kingdom-born
25
19
20
11
21
2
1
1
Permanent additions – 2020-21 (%)
Skill stream
41
23
16
4
13
1
1
1
Family and Child stream
37
22
19
4
15
1
1
1
Temporary visa grants – 2020-21 (%)
International student visa grants
49
16
22
3
8
0
0
1
Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visa (primary) grants
48
18
16
3
13
0
1
1
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics and Department of Home Affairs
Note: Permanent additions consist of two components; those persons who, while already in Australia on a temporary basis, are granted permanent residence status or those persons who have subsequently arrived from overseas during the reporting period and are entitled to stay permanently in Australia.
Country ranking
This table uses rankings to show the significance of migration from the United Kingdom for the past four financial years.
Table 5: Country ranking, 2017-18 to 2020-21
Ranked position of migrants
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
Population in Australia 1
1
1
1
1
Regional
n/a
n/a
6
6
Employer Sponsored
1
1
2
2
Total Skill stream
3
3
3
3
Total Family and Child stream
4
4
3
2
International students
21
21
22
19
Temporary Resident (Skilled Employment) visa
2
2
2
2
Visitors
2
3
2
4
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics and Department of Home Affairs
1 Population level data is by country of birth and lags one year behind the financial year specified. Data based on the estimated residential population at 30 June; 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020.
